Processos de Desvinculação com a Escola: O Fenômeno do Absenteísmo Escolar na Perspectiva dos Diretores Escolares
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21703/rexe.v24i55.2864Palavras-chave:
Absenteísmo; Assistência escolar ; Diretor; Líder; Escola públicaResumo
O artigo explora a visão dos diretores de escolas públicas sobre o fenômeno do absenteísmo escolar, as causas que o influenciam e suas principais consequências. A metodologia utilizada foi qualitativa, envolvendo 10 entrevistas semiestruturadas com diretores de escolas das regiões norte, centro e sul do Chile. Os resultados mostram que os diretores associam a origem do absenteísmo a causas relacionadas com o lar ou famílias, o aluno e o bairro ou comunidade. Na escola, os diretores não identificaram causas do absenteísmo, mas sim elementos promotores da presença. Quanto às consequências do absenteísmo, foram identificadas nos domínios do desempenho acadêmico e aprendizagem, no domínio do desenvolvimento socioemocional e no comprometimento com a escola e a integração social. As conclusões indicam que, embora a visão dos diretores seja multifacetada, eles tendem a atribuir as causas do absenteísmo às famílias e não analisam ou aprofundam nas causas que, dentro de cada escola, podem estar provocando o absenteísmo. Além disso, as consequências do absenteísmo não se restringem apenas ao âmbito acadêmico, destacando a urgência de adotar medidas mais eficazes para lidar com esse fenômeno
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